FORMATOS BIBLIOGRÁFICOS
Una bibliografía debe citar todas las fuentes utilizadas al preparar una presentación oral en clase, incluyendo documentos de Internet, entrevistas personales, programas de televisión, publicaciones de CD-ROM, así como materiales impresos como libros artículos de periódicos y revistas, trabajos de referencia, documentos gubernamentales, y similares. Existe gran cantidad de formatos bibliográficos y usted debe verificar con su profesor para ver cuál quiere él o ella que usted siga. A continuación se brindan ejemplos de los dos principales formatos, de la Modern Language Association (MLA) y la American Psychological Association (APA).
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Libro: Un solo autor |
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MLA |
Lampe, Gregory P. Frederick Douglass: Freedom’s Voice, 1818-1845. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State UP, 1998. |
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APA |
Lampe, G. P. (1998). Frederick Douglass: Freedom’s voice, 1818-1845. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press, 1998. |
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Libro: Dos o más autores |
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MLA |
Andrews, Kevin, and Michelle Curtis. A Changing Australia: The Social, Cultural and Economic Trends Facing Australia. Annandale, VA: Federation Press, 1988. |
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APA |
Andrews, K., & Curtis, M. (1998). A changing Australia: The Social, cultural and economic trends facing Australia. Annandale, VA: Federation Press. |
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Libro: Segunda o posterior edición |
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MLA |
Lerner, Gerda. The Grimké Sisters from South Carolina. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford UP, 1998. |
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APA |
Lerner, G. (1998). The Grimké sisters from South Carolina. (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. |
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Libro: Autor corporativo |
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MLA |
American Association of Cereal Chemists. Sweeteners. St. Paul, MN: American Association of Cereal Chemists, 1998. |
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APA |
American Association of Cereal Chemists. (1998). Sweeteners. St. Paul, MN: American Association of Cereal Chemists. |
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Libro: Antología o compilación |
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MLA |
Ram, Kalpana, and Margaret Jolly, eds. Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1998. |
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APA |
Ram, K., & Jolly, M. (Eds.). (1998). Maternities and modernities: Colonial and postcolonial experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. |
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Capítulo en antología o compilación |
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MLA |
Stivens, Maila. “Modernizing the Malay Mother.” Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Ed. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1998. 50-80. |
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APA |
Stivens, M. (1998). Modernizing the Malay mother. In K. Ram & M. Jolly (eds.), Maternities and modernities: Colonial and postcolonial experiences in Asia and the Pacific (pp. 50-80). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. |
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Artículo de revista con autor |
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MLA |
Williams, Patricia. “Speaking of Race.” Atlantic Monthly May 1998: 9-11. |
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APA |
Williams, P. (1998, May). Speaking of race. Atlantic Monthly, pp. 9-11. |
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Artículo de revista sin autor |
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MLA |
“Tracking Nuclear Weapons.” Time 25 May 1998: 38-39. |
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APA |
Tracking nuclear weapons. (1998, May 25). Time, pp. 38-39. |
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Artículo de una publicación periódica, paginación continua |
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MLA |
Smith, Grant W. “The Political Impact of Name Sounds.” Communication Monographs 65 (1998): 154-72. |
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APA |
Smith, G.W. (1998) The political impact of name sounds. Communication Monographs, 65 154-172. |
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Artículo de una publicación periódica, paginación discontinua |
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MLA |
Kauffman, James M., and Harold J. Burbach. “Creating Classroom Civility.” Education Digest, 63.1 (1998): 12-18. |
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APA |
Kauffman, J. M., & Burbach, H.J. (1998). Creating Classroom Civility. Education Digest, 63 (1), 12-18. |
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Artículo de periódico con autor |
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MLA |
Price, Hugh B. “Tell Me Again: Why Are S.A.T. Scores So Crucial?” New York Times 26 May 1998: A23. |
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APA |
Price, H. B. (1998, May 26). Tell me again: Why are S.A.T. scores so crucial? New York Times, p. A23. |
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Artículo de periódico sin autor |
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MLA |
“4.7 Million Children Qualify for Medicaid.” Los Angeles Times, 18 May 1998: A11. |
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APA |
4.7 million children qualify for Medicaid. (1998, May 18). Los Angeles Times, p.A11. |
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Editorial de periódico con autor |
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MLA |
Emmerich, Stacy. “Equal Pay for Equal Work Still a Problem for Women.” Editorial. Wisconsin State Journal 10 Apr. 1998: A9. |
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APA |
Emmerich, S. (1998: April 10) Equal pay for equal work still a problem for women. [Editorial]. Wisconsin State Journal, p. A9. |
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Editorial de periódico sin autor |
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MLA |
“Hospitals Resist Reform, Work New Doctors Too Hard.” Editorial. USA Today 28 May 1998: A12. |
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APA |
Hospitals resist reform, work new doctors too hard. (1998, May 28). [Editorial]. USA Today, p. A12. |
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Publicación gubernamental |
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MLA |
United States. Environmental Protection Agency. New Motor Vehicles and New Motor Vehicle Engines Air Pollution Control: Voluntary Standards for Light-Duty Vehicles. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1998. |
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APA |
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (1998). New motor vehicles and new motor vehicle engines air pollution control: Voluntary standards for light-duty vehicles. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. |
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Artículo en una obra de consulta con autor |
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MLA |
Chaney, Warren H. “Ventriloquism.” Collier’s Encyclopedia. New York: Collier’s, 1996. |
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APA |
Chaney, W. H. (1996). Ventriloquism. In Collier’s encyclopedia (Vol.23, pp. 79-80). New York: Collier’s. |
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Artículo en una obra de consulta sin autor |
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MLA |
“Morrison, Toni.” Who’s Who of American Women, 1997-1998. New Providence, NJ: Marquis Who’s Who, 1996. |
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APA |
Morrison, Toni. (1996). In Who’s who of American women, 1997-1998. (p.766). New Providence, NJ: Marquis Who’s Who. |
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Entrevista personal |
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MLA |
Hernández, Inez. Personal Interview. 17 Feb. 1998 |
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APA |
Hernández, I. (1998, February 17). [Personal Interview]. |
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Comunicado por carta o correo electrónico |
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MLA |
Ahmed, Mohammed. E-mail to author. 5 May 1998 |
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APA |
Ahmed, M. (mohamahmed@aol.com). (1998, May 5) Reply to Questions for Speech. E-mail to S. Tetrault (tetrault@sfsu.edu). |
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Discurso o conferencia |
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MLA |
Chan, Yi-Huang. Lecture on water pollution. Geography 212: Environmental Science. University of Florida, 14 Mar. 1998. |
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APA |
Chan, Y.H. (1998, March 14). Water pollution. [Lecture]. In Geography 212: Environmental science. University of Florida. |
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Programa de televisión |
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MLA |
“Crazy Like a Fox?” Narr. Ed Bradley. 60 Minutes. CBS, WCBS, New York, 31 May 1998. |
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APA |
Bradley, E. (Narrator). (1998, May 31). Crazy like a fox? In 60 minutes. New York: CBS. |
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Película |
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MLA |
Maya Lin: A Strong Clear Vision. Dir. Freida Lee Mock. Santa Monica, CA: American Film Foundation, 1995. |
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APA |
Mock, F.L. (Director). (1995). Maya Lin: A strong clear vision. [Film]. Santa Monica, CA: American Film Foundation. |
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Publicación de CD-ROM |
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MLA |
Roundy, Robert W. “Ethiopia.” Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia. CD-ROM. Carlsbad, CA: Compton’s NewMedia, Inc., 1994. |
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APA |
Roundy, R. W. (1994). Ethiopia. In Compton’s interactive encyclopedia (Version 2.01). Available: [CD-ROM]. Carlsbad, CA: Compton’s NewMedia, Inc. |
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Documento de la World Wide Web |
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MLA |
Centers for Disease Control. “Preventing Foodborne Illness.” 9 Aug. 1996 [last update]. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/food%20borne/e_coli.htm 12 June 1998. |
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APA |
Centers for Disease Control. (1996, August 9). Preventing foodborne illness. [Online]. Available: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/food%20borne/e_coli.htm. [1998, 12 June]. |
ucr.ac.cr/~rodolfor/formatos.html
